Data centers are the heart of the telecommunications value chain, acting as the computational hubs that store, process, and manage vast amounts of data required for cloud computing, Internet of Things (IoT) applications, and artificial intelligence (AI). As the telco industry continues to expand, the energy demand of data centers also escalates, driving a rise in carbon emissions.
Energy Demands of Cloud, Data, and AI
Cloud computing, big data, and AI are major drivers of energy consumption in the telco industry. As digitally-led industries like telcos expand cloud-based services to meet growing customer demand, they are required to build and scale data center infrastructure, which consumes large amounts of electricity for both computing power and cooling systems. This growth in cloud computing is one of the most significant contributors to the industry’s rising energy use. Additionally, data centers are crucial for processing the massive volumes of data generated by IoT devices and telco networks. AI and machine learning (ML), widely used to optimize network performance and customer service, require substantial processing power, further increasing energy demands. The environmental cost of data centers used to support AI is expected to rise exponentially in the coming years. Data centers, including those hosting AI servers, currently account for approximately 1.5% of global energy consumption, but this figure is expected to double by 2026. By then, data centers could consume as much electricity as Japan does today. According to Scientific American, Energy usage from generative AI alone is projected to increase tenfold between 2023 and 2026.
Real Estate and its Carbon Footprint
Real estate procurement can negatively impact the telco sector's carbon footprint, primarily due to the high energy demands of telecommunications’ value chain, especially for its data centers. Several factors contribute to how real estate decisions can increase overall emissions. Data center facilities consume large amounts of electricity for equipment, cooling, and ensuring uptime. If facilities are located in areas dependent on fossil fuels, the carbon footprint increases significantly. Procuring real estate without considering access to renewable energy sources can exacerbate Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions. Additionally, real estate choices that fail to prioritize energy efficiency and sustainable materials are likely contributing to higher emissions and can impede decarbonization efforts. Real estate developers focusing on data centers were thriving for years as the data center market experienced strong growth. However, developers in most primary and secondary markets are now facing a supply-demand imbalance. This has resulted in a shortage of co-location space and increasing prices, as noted in a recent JLL report on the unprecedented demand for global data centers.
Decarbonization Efforts
Data centers operators face increasing demands for regulatory compliance, sustainability, and investor and consumer confidence. As the industry faces increasing pressure to decarbonize, integrated strategies are critical to reducing a company’s carbon footprint. The right combination of solutions highlights opportunities for a multi-faceted approach to decarbonization, combining energy-efficient technologies, renewable energy procurement, and strategic partnerships to minimize the environmental impact of data center operations.
- Enhancing Energy Efficiency: Data centers, which are highly energy-intensive, can reduce power consumption by implementing AI-driven optimization and smart cooling systems. These technologies can significantly decrease energy demand and improve network performance, helping to minimize operational emissions, especially as AI workloads grow.
- Sourcing Renewable Electricity: Operators can further reduce emissions by sourcing renewable energy through Energy Attribute Certificates (EACs), Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs), or Virtual Power Purchase Agreements (VPPAs). These mechanisms allow the industry to green their electricity consumption and lower their carbon footprint.
- Exploring Renewable Natural Gas Options: Renewable natural gas (RNG) presents another opportunity to decarbonize operations where direct renewable energy options are unavailable. Where renewable energy is limited, such as in cities like Singapore, alternative forms of RNG, like BioLNG (liquefied biomethane), are being considered to power data centers.
- Backup Generators and Biofuels: To maintain sustainability during power outages, data centers can use Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO), biodiesel, and other biofuels for their backup generators, helping to minimize Scope 1 emissions while maintaining reliability.
- Supplier Engagement: For companies that contract third party data centers, it is crucial to address Scope 3 emissions. By encouraging vendors to adopt green energy solutions and set science-based targets, companies can work to decarbonize their entire value chain, contributing to the overall reduction of emissions.
- Compensating Residual Emissions: For unavoidable emissions, such as those from equipment manufacturing or third-party services, data center operators can purchase carbon credits to neutralize residual carbon and achieve net-zero goals.
Balancing the demand for data to be fast and without downtime with the need for a low-carbon future is a complex challenge. Data centers can take significant steps towards sustainability by implementing targeted decarbonization strategies. STRIVE by STX can help companies decarbonize with a tailored and effective approach to navigate a company’s decarbonization journey. Contact us to find the right solutions for your business.